Nobel Prize

Aus WikiSchool

The Nobel Prize goes back to the affluent Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel (1833-1896). He got the money as a result of inventing the dynamite. In his testament he assigned found a beneficence, that every year awards the Nobel Prizes to those persons, who gave the greatest account to humanity. There are:

• The Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• The Nobel Peace Prize
• The Nobel Prize in Literature
• The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• The Nobel Prize in Physics
• A Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, spend by the Bank of Sweden

Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 The origin 1.1 Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) 1.2 The Nobel Foundation 2 The nomination 3 The Nobel committee 4 The laureates in Wikischool 4.1 Chemistry 4.2 Peace 4.3 Literature 4.4 Physiology or Medicine 4.5 Physics 5 Interesting: 6 See also 7 Weblinks

[Bearbeiten] The origin

[Bearbeiten] Alfred Nobel (1833-1896)

Alfred Nobel was born on October 21, 1833 as son of the poor architect Immanuel Nobel. After the bankruptcy, his father went to St. Petersburg in 1838 and founded a company for the fabrication of mines. In 1842 he earned so much money, that he fetched his family to St. Petersburg and his sons got the best privat teachers for the subjects: Mathematics, physics, chemistry, literature, history, philosophy, German, English, French and Russian.
From 1850 till 1852, in the age of 17, Alfred Nobel was sent by his father to a educational journey to Germany, France, Italy and the USA. When he came back, he was hired in the firm of his father. 1856 his father had to declare again bankruptcy.
In 1860 Alfred Nobel filed his first patent: A mix of gun pouder and nitroglycerine. On October 14 it got granted. On September 3 five persons lost their lifes by an explosion in his laboratory.
In 1867 he patentet the dynamite - his greatest contrivance -, 1875 the explosive gelatin.
Alfred Nobel possessed over 90 explosives factorys, distributet on five continents.
In 1890 he came to rest in San Remo, Italy. On November 27, 1895 he signed his testament. He died on December 10, 1896. On December 10, 1901, after a long lawsuit with Alfred Nobels family, the first Nobel Prizes were awarded.

[Bearbeiten] The Nobel Foundation

The Nobel Foundation has been established in 1900. It organizes Alfred Nobels property and assists the different symposia Nobel symposia.

[Bearbeiten] The nomination

Miscellaneous persons can make a proposal for a nomination:

1. Every Nobel laureate of the past can nominate someone for those category, in wich he or her has got his/her own Nobel Prize.
2. Nobel Prizes for physics, chemistry, medicine and economic science:
   • Members of the accordant nobel committee
   • Some other individuals of selected universities
3. Nobel Prize for literature:
   • Professors for literature or linguistics
   • Members of the "Royal Swedish Acadamie of Science"
   • Presidents of representative writer associations
4. Nobel Prize for peace:
   • Every member of any government or international court
   • Professors for social science, history, philosophy, law or theology
   • Heads of institutes for peace research or likewise organizations

[Bearbeiten] The Nobel committee

[Bearbeiten] The laureates in Wikischool

A list of all laureates from 1901 till today you can find on nobelprize.org.

[Bearbeiten] Chemistry

[Bearbeiten] Peace

[Bearbeiten] Literature

• Ernest Hemingway
• John Steinbeck
• Harold Pinter

[Bearbeiten] Physiology or Medicine

[Bearbeiten] Physics

[Bearbeiten] Interesting:

True story about Nobel laureate Alexandr Solzhenitsyn: "How I Helped Alexandr Solzhenitsyn Smuggle His Nobel Lecture from the USSR" by Stig Fredrikson

[Bearbeiten] See also

• Nobelpreis - German version

[Bearbeiten] Weblinks

• Official Page
• http://nobelpreis.org/
• http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/kaiserreich/wissenschaft/nobelpreis/

Eingeloggt werbefrei.

Links

Originelle Geschenke und Geschenkideen online finden.